Important events in history are often shaped by common, everyday individuals. The story of the South's struggle to industrialize is no different. After the Civil War, hundreds of impoverished farmers and their families migrated from all over Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, North and South Carolina looking for work in the mills. The families who came to Banning dedicated years of hard labor, putting in twelve hour days or more in the loud, stuffy shop floors. Because of their determination, Banning, even as a small, rural factory, takes its place along side the hundreds of other mills which transformed the South into an Industrial society. We may not know the names of all the individuals who contributed to Banning's success, but we recognize their contributions none-the-less. Below are a few profiles of families who made up the tight-knit community at Banning while participating in a phenomenon which would push the South into the 21st century.Each family tree has been constructed with the aid of oral histories, photographs, census data, and newspaper articles.
Below the visitor will find biographical information about the Brown and Thompson families through the eyes of Paul and Minnie. In addition to their helpful oral histories and shared photographs, information pulled from the 1930s census assists in building a more complete story of these two families.
Paul Brown was born on January 25, 1922 in Spalding County, Georgia. His father, David Wilson Brown was born September 29, 1873 in Carroll County, Georgia. David made his living as a hosiery mill operator until the Depression. Between 1911 and 1915, he was the Superintendent at Banning’s hosiery mill, known then as Sock Town. On March 17, 1895, David married Mattie Gray. Mattie was born June 10, 1879 also in Carroll County, Georgia. After they were married, Mattie worked as a homemaker. David and Mattie had five children; Chester Glen, William Herbert, Exer Erline, and Paul were all born in Carroll County. One son, Benjamin Frank was born in Maryville, Tennessee.
When their children were growing up, the Brown’s lived on a farm near Clem, Georgia. (Not far from Banning). In 1941, when Paul was 19, he went to work at Banning as a machine operator. In his own words, Paul “operated machinery which twisted threads together. The thread was placed on cones by what is known as winders that made it ready for shipping.” Paul earned $15 a week.
David Wilson Brown and Mattie Grey
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Like many couples working at Banning, Paul met his wife on the job. He and Minnie E. Thompson worked the same shift and were passengers in a neighbor's vehicle that carried them and other mill hands to Banning. |
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| Minnie
standing on the old Chattahoochee River Bridge, age 17
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Minnie was born November 1, 1922 in Carroll County, Georgia. Her father, William Asbury Thompson was born on April 6, 1890 also in Carroll County. He worked at Banning as a textile work and later as a farmer and minister at Antioch Primitive Baptist Church, located a few miles from Banning Mill. His wife, Sarah Elizabeth Freemen was born on May 29, 1890 in Carroll County. They were married in 1908 at the tender age of 18. William and Sarah had seven children; Lois M., Alvis M., Roy W., Salathiel, Nezzie, Minnie, and Tom who all grew up around Banning. |
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RoyThompson |
Tom
Thompson |
1930 Census data from Banning Mills
Name |
Relation |
Sex |
Color |
Age |
Married? |
Married Age |
Occupation |
Industry |
Road |
State |
William Thompson |
Head |
M |
W |
39 |
Married |
18 |
textile worker |
Cotton Mill |
Villa Rica |
Georgia |
Sarah Elizabeth |
Wife |
F |
W |
39 |
Married |
18 |
none |
- |
Villa Rica |
Georgia |
Lois M. |
Daughter |
F |
W |
20 |
Single |
- |
textile worker |
Cotton Mill |
Villa Rica |
Georgia |
Alvis M. |
Daughter |
F |
W |
19 |
Single |
- |
textile worker |
Cotton Mill |
Villa Rica |
Georgia |
Roy W. |
Son |
M |
W |
16 |
Single |
- |
textile worker |
Cotton Mill |
Villa Rica |
Georgia |
Salathiel |
Son |
M |
W |
13 |
Single |
- |
none |
- |
Villa Rica |
Georgia |
Nezzie |
Daughter |
F |
W |
9 |
Single |
- |
none |
- |
Villa Rica |
Georgia |
Minnie E. |
Daughter |
F |
W |
7 |
Single |
- |
none |
- |
Villa Rica |
Georgia |
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Minnie worked at Banning from age 16 to 19 as a winder operator. In her own words, “I operated a winding machine that wound thread on cones. The finished product was ready for shipment.” Like the Browns, the Thompson family moved from the mill village to a farm in their later years. Thus, Minnie had to carpool to work and as cupid would have it, met her future husband, Paul.
Minnie at age 16 |
| Paul and Minnie Brown are still married, very much in love, and living in sunny Florida! (In Paul’s words, “the land of the three C’s, canes, crutches, and Cadillac’s!') When asked what he remembered most about Banning, Paul replied, “At one time Banning was a very active small town that provided employment for many people. During that time, I also met the girl of my life and have been happily married for years”. Minnie recalled, “playing with children when I was young, as there was plenty of children to be with. And [when I was] older, swimming in Snake Creek and walking over the bridge at the old mill.” Although their responses differ, Paul and Minnie both have fond memories of their time at Banning. (Not that the work was easy, but their social experiences memorable). | ![]() |
Thanks to Paul and Minnie Brown for all there help on the Banning
Mill Documentation Project! Old friends can contact Paul and Minnie at Pappaw1922@aol.com.
Holder
Family Tree
Families of Lewdy and Bash Holder
| PARENTS | CHILDREN | SPOUSES | GRAND CHILDREN |
SPOUSES | GREAT GRANDCHILDREN | SPOUSES | GREAT GRAND CHILDREN |
| Viola b. 1897 | |||||||
| Vesta A. b. 1902 | |||||||
| Henry Allen | Sarah Luvena Grichard | George A. b. 1906 | |||||
| b. 1876 | b. 1876 | Allen Wilson b. 1913 | Marty, Ruth, & Ethelene | Allen, Mike, & Penny | |||
| James M. | ? | Albert Lloyd b. 1917 | |||||
| Lewdy Holder | b. 1847/8 | James Holder | Sallie | Alice b. 1894 | |||
| b. 1829 in SC | b. 1871 | b. 1873 | Buna b. 1899 | ||||
| married | Robert | ||||||
| Martha | b. 1849 | ? | |||||
| b. 1831 | |||||||
| ? | John R. | Mary Loveless & Pearl Daniel | John b. Dec. 12, 1920 | Mary | |||
| boy | |||||||
| ? | Ruth | ||||||
| ? | |||||||
| Lillie | |||||||
| Bash Holder | John Paul | Sallie | b. 1918 | ||||
| d. April 1887 | Wilson Russell | Elizabeth Smith | b. April 10, 1892 |
Christine ? | |||
| marries | b. Nov. 29, 1866 | b. Jan. 24, 1871 | b. 1915 | ||||
| Carrie Smith | d. Dec. 29, 1907 | Render William | |||||
| b. Nov. 17, 1905 d. Sept. 14, 1981 |
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| PARENTS | Husband | Thomas | Tolbert | Wife | Tallie | |||||||
| b. 1850 | d. 1914-1919 | b. 1853 | ||||||||||
| CHILDREN/SPOUSES | Ed Tolbert | Annie | Charles W. Tolbert | Siddie | William M. Tolbert | Zena | Paul Tolbert | Effie | Bertha Tolbert | ? | Lewis Tolbert | ? |
| b. 1882 | b. 1882 | b. 1887 | b. 1891 | b. 1888 | b. 1894 | b. Jan. 10, 1891 d. July 1, 1990 |
b. 1892 | b. 1893 | b. 1896 | |||
| GRANDCHILDREN | Ray | b. 1902 | Thelma M. | b.1914 | Alvis | b. 1913 | Oscar W. | b.1913 | ? | ? | ||
| Ruby | b. 1903 | Essie Pauline | b. 1917 | Curtis | b. 1915 | Tyrus W. | b.1916 | |||||
| boy | b. 1910 | Andrew W. | b. 1920 | Edwin | b. 1919 | Carl H. | b. 1919 | |||||
| Charles Everett | b.June 28, 1923 | James T. | b. 1922 | |||||||||
| Hazel | b. 1924 | |||||||||||
| Ionogene | b. 1926 |
| Thomas and Tallie lived at New Manchester, Sweetwater (today Lithia Springs, GA) in their youth. The couple was carried by Sherman to the stockade in Kentucky during the Civil War. While at the stockade they were married. When the war ended, they returned to Georgia to start a family. Throughout his life, Thomas worked as a carpenter and miller at Banning. His wife, Tallie seems to have stayed home with the children until she was widowed between 1914 and 1919. At age 66 she worked as a laborer in the cotton mill. She lived with her son Lewis on a farm outside of Banning until her death. |
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Thomas and Tallie's oldest child, Ed, worked in the cotton mill at Banning as a seeder in 1900. Throughout his lifetime, Charles W. worked as a doffer, miller, farmer, carpenter, and night watchman at Banning. His brother, Will M. also worked as a laborer at the mill. Paul Tolbert played baseball for the company team when he was working at the mill. In his later years he labored as a farmer. Their youngest son, Lewis, was also employed at Banning. |
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Edd Tolbert, born 1882, third from left, with "Grandpa Lenderman, Claude Pallune, and Joe Prichett" |
Charles
Tolbert and Bill Lenderman |
Effie
and Paul Tolbert |
Oscar
Tolbert |
Eunice
Rice and Thelma Tolbert |
Essie
Pauline Tolbert and Mary Lee |
Charles
Everett Tolbert |