Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene fragment that is amplified by a single primer pair and consists of three complete exons and two partial exons which contain the most distal PCR primer sites. The entire GAPDH gene fragment is 1026 nucleotides in length and contains 449 exon nucleotides encoding 149 amino acids.

Ribosomal Protein S6 gene fragment that is amplified as three overlapping fragments. The S6 gene fragment consists of two complete exons and two partial exons  which contain the most distal PCR primer sites. The entire S6 gene fragment is 3182 nucleotides in length and contains 462 exon nucleotides encoding 154 amino acids.

Lysophospholipase II (Acyl-protein thioesterase 2) gene fragment that is amplified as three overlapping fragments. The LPL gene fragment consists of four complete exons and two partial exons  which contain the most distal PCR primer sites. The entire LPL gene fragment is 2038 nucleotides in length and contains 509 exon nucleotides encoding 169 amino acids.

1-phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma 1 (Phosphoinositide phospholipase C) (Phospholipase C-gamma-1) gene fragment that is amplified as three overlapping fragments. The PLC gene fragment consists of four complete exons and two partial exons  which contain the most distal PCR primer sites. The entire PLC gene fragment is 2853 nucleotides in length and contains 743 exon nucleotides encoding 247 amino acids.

Kelch Repeat and BTB (POZ) Domain Containing Protein (broad complex Tramtrack bric-a-brac/Pox virus and zinc finger) homologous gene fragment that is amplified by a single primer pair. The "kelch" gene fragment consists of two partial exons  which contain the PCR primer sites. The entire "kelch" gene fragment is 792 nucleotides in length and contains 696 exon nucleotides encoding 232 amino acids.

Open Reading Frame (ORF) corresponding to one exon of a gene of unknown function fragment that is amplified by a single primer pair. The "uORF" gene fragment consists of one exon which contains the PCR primer sites. The entire "uORF" gene fragment is 1049 nucleotides in length and encodes 349 amino acids. Note: This particular gene fragment was not initially identified from a cDNA clone. This fragment was identified in a clone of randomly amplified genomic DNA. While this sequence is homologous to an exon of a gene present in Fugu rubripes and Tetraodon nigroviridis, it is possible that this "uORF" gene fragment is an amplification of a portion of a pseudo gene. However, since all indel mutation of this "uORF" in E. tallapoosae, E. coosae, and E. brevirostrum maintain an open reading frame, it is likely that this gene is functional in the darters.